Explain your understanding of the principles behind bioprocess sterilization techniques.

Sample interview questions: Explain your understanding of the principles behind bioprocess sterilization techniques.

Sample answer:

• Heat Sterilization:

  • Utilizes high temperatures to kill microorganisms and spores.
  • Commonly used methods:
    • Autoclaving: Uses high-pressure steam to achieve sterilization temperatures.
    • Pasteurization: Employs lower temperatures for specific periods to eliminate pathogens.
  • Advantages:
    • Effective against a wide range of microorganisms.
    • Rapid sterilization process.
  • Disadvantages:
    • May cause thermal damage to some biomolecules.
    • Not suitable for heat-sensitive materials.

• Filtration Sterilization:

  • Employs a physical barrier to remove microorganisms from solutions or gases.
  • Commonly used methods:
    • Depth filtration: Utilizes a porous material to trap microorganisms.
    • Membrane filtration: Employs a semipermeable membrane to retain microorganisms.
  • Advantages:
    • Effective against a wide range of microorganisms, including viruses.
    • Maintains the integrity of biomolecules.
  • Disadvantages:
    • May require multiple filtration steps for complete sterilization.
    • Can be slow for large volumes.

• Chemical Sterilization:

  • Involves using chemical agents to kill microorganisms.
  • Commonly used methods:
    • Ethylene oxide: A gaseous agent used for sterilizing medical devices and equipment.
    • Hydrogen peroxide: An oxidizing agent used for surface decontamination and sterilization.
  • Advantages:
    • Effective against a wide range of microorganisms.
    • Can sterilize heat-sensitive materials.
  • Disadvantages:
    • May leave residues t… Read full answer

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