Sample interview questions: Can you explain the concept of electrodialysis and its applications in water treatment?
Sample answer:
Electrodialysis: Concept and Applications in Water Treatment
Electrodialysis is an advanced water treatment technology that employs an electrical potential to separate ions from water. This process entails passing water through a series of alternating cation- and anion-selective membranes. Under the influence of an electrical field, positively charged cations migrate towards the cathode, while negatively charged anions move towards the anode. This selective ion transport results in the removal of dissolved salts and other ionic contaminants from the water.
Key Components of an Electrodialysis System:
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Cation-Selective Membrane: Positively charged ions can pass through this membrane, while negatively charged ions are blocked.
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Anion-Selective Membrane: Negatively charged ions can pass through this membrane, while positively charged ions are blocked.
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Electrodes: The cathode attracts positively charged ions, and the anode attracts negatively charged ions.
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Dilute Compartment: Feed water flows through this compartment, where ions are removed.
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Concentrate Compartment: The removed ions accumulate in this compartment, creating a concentrated brine solution.
Applications of Electrodialysis in Water Treatment:
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Desalination: Electrodialysis can be used to remove salt from brackish water, producing potable water. This technology is particularly valuable in regions with limited access to freshwater sources.
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Water Softening: Electrodialysis is effective in reducing the hardness of water by removing calcium and magnesium ions. Softened water is beneficial for household appliances and industrial processes.
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Industrial Wastewater Treatment: Electrodialysis can be employed to treat industrial wastewater by removing heavy metals, toxic ions, and other contaminants. This process helps industries comply with environmental regulations an… Read full answer
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